Free Chemistry Calculator

Percent Composition Calculator

Find the percentage of a compound’s molar mass contributed by each element. The formula parser supports grouped formulas and hydrates and reports a complete element table.

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Calculate percent composition by mass

Enter a correctly capitalized chemical formula. Each element percentage is calculated from its mass contribution to one mole of formula units.

Parentheses, square brackets, and hydrate dots are supported.
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What is a percent composition calculator?

A percent composition calculator shows how much of a formula’s total molar mass comes from each element. It uses the same atomic-weight calculation as the Molar Mass Calculator but divides each contribution by the total.

How does percent composition by mass work?

The formula is expanded to atom counts, each count is multiplied by atomic weight, and each element contribution is divided by total molar mass. The displayed percentages are checked to total approximately 100% after rounding.

What formula calculates elemental mass percent?

Element mass percent = (atoms of the element × atomic weight ÷ molar mass of the formula) × 100.

How do you use the percent composition calculator?

Enter the complete formula, including water of hydration where applicable, and calculate. For measured elemental percentages that must be converted into a simplest formula, use the Empirical Formula Calculator instead.

What do the composition results mean?

Each row reports the number of atoms, mass contribution in g/mol, and percent of total formula mass. The general Percentage Calculator can check a single share, but it does not parse chemical formulas.

Why might experimental elemental analysis differ?

Purity, hydration, residual solvent, isotope distribution, analytical uncertainty, and the assumed formula can shift an experimental composition. Theoretical composition alone does not confirm compound identity.

Who should use this elemental composition calculator?

It is useful for formula checks, coursework, and theoretical composition tables. Reaction-related mass predictions belong in the Stoichiometry Calculator or Theoretical Yield Calculator.

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Frequently asked questions about Percent Composition

It is the percentage of a compound’s total formula mass contributed by each element.
Multiply its atom count by atomic weight, divide by total molar mass, and multiply by 100.
Yes, apart from small displayed rounding differences.
Yes. Hydrate water can be included with a middle dot or period and a leading multiplier.
Yes. Grouped formulas are expanded before element contributions are calculated.
Not by itself. Experimental composition can constrain formulas, but other analytical evidence is normally required.
Different atomic-weight rounding and displayed precision can produce small differences.
No. Percent composition describes mass shares; an empirical formula is the simplest whole-number atom ratio.

Sources and methodology

The calculation method and explanatory context can be checked against these authoritative primary references.

Scope: This free tool supports learning and planning. Confirm important laboratory, academic, medical, environmental, or industrial work with current protocols and qualified review.
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