DC circuit calculations with explicit assumptions
Use the LED tool for one DC series string, including LED voltage drops and an optional E12/E24 nominal resistor. Use the divider tool for an ideal two-resistor ratio, an optional resistive output load, or an unloaded resistor solution.
Series LED count, forward voltage, target current and resistor dissipation.
R1, R2, output voltage and the effect of a resistive load.
Worked examples, units, current, power and stated limitations.
Use the component datasheet and the right circuit model
These are positive DC arithmetic models up to 60 V input, not mains wiring, code-compliance or guaranteed component-selection tools. Actual tolerance, temperature, source impedance and dynamic load behavior can change results. The existing Ohm’s Law Calculator and Electrical Power Calculator remain in Physics & Engineering for general relationships.
